Underwater robots are an important means of exploring the ocean. The Shenyang Institute of Automation of the Chinese Academy of Sciences began researching underwater robots in the late 1970s. After decades of hard work, China's underwater robot technology has become one of the best in the world. In recent years, the underwater robots of the Shenyang Institute of Automation have shown a systematic development trend, taking the lead in large-scale demonstration applications in the field of domestic marine technology achieving a number of internationally influential results.
Underwater robots can generally be divided into three categories: Remotely-operated Vehicle (ROV), Autonomous Underwater Vehicle (AUV), Human-operated Vehicle (HOV).
Today, let us take a deeper look into this huge family.
1. "Hairen No. 1" my country's first underwater robot
In response to domestic market demand, in 1979, a team led by Jiang Xinsong, an academician of the Chinese Academy of Engineering, first proposed a marine robot research program in China. In 1982, the Chinese Academy of Sciences officially launched a project to carry out "Research on the Application of Intelligent Machinery in the Ocean". Our country's first underwater robot was born in 1985. It was called "Haier No. 1" (HR-01), an ROV. The prototype of "Haier No. 1", developed by the Shenyang Institute of Automation, successfully made its maiden voyage in Dalian in December 1985. In 1986, the improved "Haier No. 1" completed its sea trials.
The "Seaman No. 1" has a total power of 20 horsepower an operating depth of 200 meters. It is a research work carried out by Chinese scientific researchers entirely relying on independent technology domestic supporting conditions. It is an important milestone in the history of the development of my country's underwater robots.
2. Explorer
my country's first AUV "Explorer"
In 1994, the Shenyang Institute of Automation successfully developed the Explorer autonomous cable-free underwater vehicle (AUV). Its working depth reached 1,000 meters, it got rid of the cable connecting it to the mother ship, achieving a leap cable to cable-free. The chief designer of the Explorer, Academician Feng Xisheng
In October of that year, the Explorer conducted five sea trials in the South China Sea successfully dived to a depth of 1,000 meters near the Xisha Islands, becoming a pioneer in my country's deep sea exploration.
3. my country's first 6,000-meter AUV CR-01
In 1992, the Shenyang Institute of Automation cooperated with the Russian Institute of Marine Technology, China Shipbuilding Industry Corporation 702 Institute, Chinese Academy of Sciences Institute of Acoustics other units to develop a 6,000-meter-class autonomous underwater robot - "CR-01".
It went to the Pacific Ocean twice to conduct surveys in 1995 1997, obtaining a large amount of video, photo sound image data of seabed polymetallic nodules, which provided important basis for resource exploration in the development area. Its success made China one of the few countries in the world with 6,000-meter-class underwater robots at that time.
"Qianlong II" is a subject of the "Deep-sea Submersible Technology Equipment" theme project in the field of marine technology of the "863" plan of the "12th Five-Year Plan". It is organized implemented by the Office of the China Ocean Mineral Resources Research Development Association. The Shenyang Automation Institute is the overall technical unit is jointly developed with the Second Institute of Oceanography of the State Oceanic Administration other units. In June 2016, the subject passed the acceptance.
During the development of the project, breakthroughs were made in key technologies such as the new non-rotating flat fish-shaped design, collision avoidance control methods under complex seabed terrain, high-precision magnetic detection, comprehensive detection of hydrothermal anomalies, rapid data processing. In addition, a batch of effective data such as water anomalies, magnetism, terrain detection in hydrothermal areas were obtained in the offshore experimental application in the southwest Indian Ocean. "Qianlong No. 2" became the first unmanned submersible in my country to obtain the China Classification Society (CCS) classification certificate.
By the way, on April 6 this year, the "Qianlong 2" unmanned submersible, which was carrying out China's 49th ocean scientific expedition mission in the southwestern Indian Ocean, successfully completed its 50th dive, setting a new record for the number of dives of my country's deep-sea autonomous underwater robots.
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